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Related Experiment Videos

Peripheral and cranial nerve sheath tumors.

Maciej M Mrugala1, Tracy T Batchelor, Scott R Plotkin

  • 1Stephen E. and Catherine Pappas Center for Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. mmrugala@partners.org

Current Opinion in Neurology
|September 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Recent advances in diagnosing and treating nerve sheath tumors, including vestibular schwannomas and neurofibromas, are reviewed. New insights into tumor biology and evolving management strategies offer improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Peripheral nerve disorders
  • Oncogenesis

Background:

  • Peripheral nerve tumors, primarily schwannomas and neurofibromas, arise sporadically or from genetic syndromes like neurofibromatosis.
  • While mostly benign, these tumors can undergo malignant transformation or be metastatic.
  • Accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of recent diagnostic and therapeutic advancements for nerve sheath tumors.
  • To cover vestibular schwannomas, neurogenetic syndromes (e.g., schwannomatosis), and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
  • To highlight emerging insights into tumor biology and treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on diagnosis and treatment of nerve sheath tumors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of evolving surgical and radiation strategies for vestibular schwannomas.
  • Examination of new findings in the biology of peripheral nerve tumor development.

    • Main Results:

    • Management strategies for vestibular schwannomas are evolving, with increased use of stereotactic radiation.
    • New biological insights include the role of vascular endothelial growth factor and Notch signaling in tumor growth and transformation.
    • Diagnostic criteria for schwannomatosis are under development, with reported cases of multiple and spinal neurofibromas.

    Conclusions:

    • Nerve sheath tumors are classified by cellular differentiation, with schwannoma and neurofibroma being most common.
    • Magnetic resonance imaging is the primary diagnostic tool; positron emission tomography aids in differentiating benign from malignant tumors.
    • Treatment focuses on symptomatic control using surgery, radiation, and occasionally chemotherapy.