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Related Experiment Videos

The recall of missing items.

Bennet Murdock1, David Smith

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. murdock@psych.utoronto.ca

Memory & Cognition
|September 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Participants accurately recalled missing words from short lists, with performance varying by list length and item position. Recall speed remained consistent, suggesting a direct access memory model over serial scanning.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Memory Research

Background:

  • Investigating the cognitive mechanisms underlying memory recall.
  • Understanding how individuals retrieve information from short-term memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the accuracy and latency of recalling missing items from word lists.
  • To compare different models of memory retrieval, specifically direct access versus serial scanning.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using short word lists presented once.
  • Participants were tasked with identifying the single missing word from a reordered list.
  • List length and serial position were manipulated in the second experiment.

Main Results:

  • High accuracy was observed in recalling missing items, replicating previous findings.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Recall latency was consistently short (around 750 msec) and largely unaffected by list length or serial position.
  • Accuracy was dependent on both list length (4-6 items) and the serial position of the missing item.

    • Conclusions:

    • Findings support a direct access memory model, such as the power set model, over serial scanning models.
    • The results suggest that memory retrieval for missing items is efficient and may not involve a sequential search process.