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Related Experiment Videos

Microscopic polyangiitis after influenza vaccination.

Masato Uji1, Haruhiko Matsushita, Shinichi Iwata

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Prefectural Rehabilitation Center For Physically Disabled Persons, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|September 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Influenza vaccination can trigger microscopic polyangiitis, a rare systemic vasculitis. Prompt diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide are crucial for managing this severe adverse effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Influenza vaccination is a common preventative measure.
  • Systemic vasculitides are rare but serious autoimmune conditions.
  • Identifying potential triggers for vasculitis is critical for patient safety.

Observation:

  • An 83-year-old woman developed fever and sore throat post-influenza vaccination, unresponsive to antibiotics.
  • Chest CT revealed lung consolidation and nodules.
  • Laboratory tests indicated elevated myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), with renal impairment.

Findings:

  • Transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed organizing pneumonia.
  • The patient was diagnosed with microscopic polyangiitis, a form of systemic vasculitis.

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  • Treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide proved effective.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights influenza vaccination as a potential trigger for microscopic polyangiitis.
    • Clinicians should consider systemic vasculitis in patients presenting with unexplained symptoms after vaccination.
    • Early recognition and immunosuppressive therapy are key to favorable outcomes in vaccine-associated vasculitis.