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Diving-induced venous gas emboli do not increase pulmonary artery pressure.

Z Valic1, D Duplancić, D Baković

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|September 15, 2005
PubMed
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Divers may experience venous gas emboli after dives, but this study found no increase in pulmonary artery pressure. This suggests diving-induced bubbles do not raise the risk of arterial embolization in asymptomatic individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Diving Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Hyperbaric Physiology

Background:

  • Venous gas emboli (VGE) are common in divers post-decompression.
  • The potential for VGE to increase pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and risk arterialization is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if asymptomatic divers experience increased pulmonary artery pressure post-dive.
  • To assess the risk of arterial embolization from right-to-left shunt of VGE.

Main Methods:

  • 10 recreational divers underwent simulated dives in a hyperbaric chamber.
  • Transthoracic echocardiography estimated pulmonary artery pressure via the pulmonary artery acceleration time/right ventricular ejection time ratio.
  • Venous gas emboli presence was monitored post-dive.

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Main Results:

  • Venous gas emboli were detected post-dive (mean 1.71 bubbles.cm-2 at 40 min).
  • Pulmonary artery pressure, estimated by the acceleration time/ejection time ratio, did not increase; it actually increased slightly (p<0.05).
  • No divers showed signs of decompression sickness.

Conclusions:

  • Diving-induced venous gas bubbles do not appear to significantly alter central circulation.
  • The findings suggest no increased risk of arterial embolization due to elevated pulmonary artery pressure in asymptomatic divers.