Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
Published on: September 27, 2024
Acoustic characteristics of Mandarin esophageal speech
Hanjun Liu1, Mingxi Wan, Supin Wang
1The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
The present study attempted to investigate the acoustic characteristics of Mandarin laryngeal and esophageal speech. Eight normal laryngeal and seven esophageal speakers participated in the acoustic experiments. Results from acoustic analyses of syllables /ma/and /ba/ indicated that, F0, intensity, and signal-to-noise ratio of laryngeal speech were significantly higher than those of esophageal speech. However, opposite results were found for vowel duration, jitter, and shimmer. Mean F0, intensity, and word per minute in reading were greater but number of pauses was smaller in laryngeal speech than those in esophageal speech. Similar patterns of F0 contours and vowel duration as a function of tone were found between laryngeal and esophageal speakers. Long-time spectra analysis indicated that higher first and second formant frequencies were associated with esophageal speech than that with normal laryngeal speech.
Related Concept Videos
Esophageal Achalasia
Larynx
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
