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Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia simulating carcinoma.

R Ashfaq¹, A G Weinberg, C A Argyle

¹Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

|July 1, 1992

Summary

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia can mimic other cancers in children, posing diagnostic challenges. This study confirms its presence in an abdominal mass using advanced immunocytochemical techniques.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Hematology
Diagnostic Pathology

Background:

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a significant subtype of childhood leukemia.
AMKL presents diagnostic challenges due to diverse morphology and potential to mimic metastatic carcinoma.

Observation:

A 10-month-old girl presented with anemia and thrombocytopenia.
Imaging revealed a peripancreatic abdominal mass.
Biopsy showed tumor cells with features mimicking epithelial neoplasms.

Findings:

Bone marrow aspirate confirmed AMKL via immunocytochemistry and karyotyping.
Immunocytochemical stains for glycoprotein IIIa on the abdominal tumor definitively established its megakaryoblastic nature.
Distinguishing AMKL from epithelial neoplasms required advanced techniques.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of immunocytochemistry in diagnosing pediatric leukemia subtypes.
Emphasizes the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches when AMKL mimics other malignancies.
Contributes to understanding the extraskeletal manifestations of AMKL in early childhood.

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