Conversion of mouse mammary tumor virus to a lymphomagenic virus

Type B leukemogenic virus is a variant of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) that causes thymic lymphomas rather than mammary tumors in mice. We demonstrate that conversion of a mammotropic MMTV to a T-cell-tropic virus requires two alterations in the long terminal repeat: (i) acquisition of a T-cell-specific enhancer and (ii) loss of transcriptional repression through deletion of negative regulatory elements (NREs) or by suppression of NRE activity after appropriate positioning of the enhancer.