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Behçet's disease and pregnancy.

Jim Jadaon1, Asher Shushan, Yossef Ezra

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein-kerem, Jerusalem, Israel.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
|September 20, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy may improve Behçet's disease (BD) course, with remissions more frequent during gestation. However, BD can negatively impact pregnancy, increasing complications, cesarean sections, and miscarriage rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Obstetrics & Gynecology

Background:

  • Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder affecting multiple systems, often involving oral/genital ulcers and iridocyclitis.
  • Vasculitic and thrombotic complications are characteristic of BD, with potential adverse effects on pregnancy.
  • Limited data exists on the interaction between Behçet's disease and pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the reciprocal effects of Behçet's disease and pregnancy.
  • To analyze maternal and fetal complications in pregnancies of women with BD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study evaluated 31 women with BD and 135 pregnancies over 25 years.
  • Data were collected through record review and telephone interviews.
  • A Medline and manual search supplemented the review of current knowledge.

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Main Results:

  • Pregnancies in women with BD showed significantly higher remission rates (P < 0.001).
  • Exacerbations of BD were infrequent during pregnancy and postpartum.
  • However, rates of pregnancy complications (P < 0.001), cesarean sections (P < 0.001), and miscarriages (P < 0.02) were significantly elevated.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancy appears to have a neutral to potentially ameliorating effect on the course of Behçet's disease.
  • Behçet's disease may adversely affect pregnancy, leading to increased risks.
  • Higher rates of miscarriage, pregnancy complications, and cesarean sections were observed in BD patients.