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Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenic twins.

Marco M Picchioni¹, Timothea Toulopoulou, Sabine Landau

¹Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom. m.picchioni@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Biological Psychiatry

|September 20, 2005

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Neurological abnormalities (NAs) in schizophrenia are partly genetic. Premorbid schizotypal traits and antipsychotic medication also increase NA risk in patients and relatives.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Genetics

Background:

Neurological abnormalities (NAs) are common in schizophrenia but their origins and significance are unclear.
Understanding the genetic and environmental factors influencing NAs is crucial for schizophrenia research.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the genetic and environmental contributions to neurological abnormalities in schizophrenia.
To examine the role of premorbid schizotypal traits and antipsychotic medication in NAs.

Main Methods:

Studied 63 twin pairs with varying zygosity and concordance for schizophrenia, plus 73 control twin pairs.
Assessed total, primary, and integrative NAs using the Neurological Evaluation Scale.

Main Results:

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NAs were elevated in schizophrenia patients compared to controls and non-psychotic co-twins.
NAs were also increased in non-psychotic co-twins from discordant pairs compared to controls.
Higher within-pair correlations for NAs were observed in monozygotic (MZ) versus dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs.

Conclusions:

Genetic factors contribute to NAs in schizophrenia.
Premorbid schizotypal traits and antipsychotic medication are associated with increased risk for NAs.