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Related Experiment Videos

Applicator exposure to acetochlor based on biomonitoring.

Christophe A Gustin1, Sharon J Moran, John D Fuhrman

  • 1Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO, USA. christophe.gustin@monsanto.com

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|September 20, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Biomonitoring of Spanish farmers using acetochlor herbicide revealed higher exposure in open-cabin applications. Despite this, margins of exposure indicate no adverse health effects are expected from agricultural use.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Occupational Safety
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Acetochlor is a widely used herbicide in agriculture.
  • Assessing applicator exposure is crucial for ensuring worker safety.
  • Harness Plus is an emulsifiable concentrate formulation containing acetochlor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate combined dermal, oral, and inhalation exposure to acetochlor in farmers.
  • To compare exposure levels between open- and closed-cabin herbicide applications.
  • To determine the margins of exposure (MOE) for agricultural workers.

Main Methods:

  • Biomonitoring using urinary metabolite analysis (2-ethyl-6-methyl-aniline).
  • Involved 20 Spanish farmers applying acetochlor to maize.

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  • Collected urine samples over six consecutive days, including the day before application.

    • Main Results:

    • All applicators had detectable acetochlor metabolites in urine post-application.
    • Open-cabin applicators showed significantly higher exposure (0.004 mg/kg bw/day) than closed-cabin (0.002 mg/kg bw/day).
    • Untracked incidents, equipment repair, spills, and glove use impacted total exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • Margins of Exposure (MOE) for farmers ranged from 23,000 to 44,000, indicating a low risk.
    • Professional applicators had 10-fold lower MOEs, still suggesting safety.
    • Agricultural acetochlor applications are unlikely to cause adverse health effects.