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Is stroke increasing in India--preventive measures that need to be implemented
Tapas Kumar Banerjee1, Mrinal Kanti Roy, Kamala Kant Bhoi
1Department of Neurology, National Neurosciences Centre, Kolkata.
Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|September 22, 2005
Summary
Stroke incidence is rising in India, particularly among the aged. Controlling hypertension and diabetes, alongside lifestyle changes like reduced solid fat intake and smoking cessation, is crucial for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Stroke is a leading cause of mortality globally and in India.
- While typically affecting the elderly, stroke prevalence and incidence have notably increased in India over the past three decades.
- Key risk factors identified include diabetes, smoking, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the escalating trend of stroke in India.
- To emphasize the critical need for controlling major risk factors.
- To advocate for public health interventions to combat stroke.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of stroke prevalence and incidence trends in India over 30 years.
- Identification and review of established stroke risk factors.
- Assessment of potential public health strategies for stroke prevention.
Main Results:
- A definite increase in stroke prevalence and incidence observed in India.
- Hypertension and diabetes mellitus identified as principal modifiable risk factors.
- Lifestyle factors such as diet (solid fat intake) and tobacco use (smoking, chewing) are significant contributors.
Conclusions:
- Strict control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is paramount to curb the rising stroke trend in India.
- Encouraging dietary modifications and complete cessation of tobacco use are essential public health measures.
- Public awareness campaigns and health education are vital components in combating the increasing incidence of stroke.