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Related Experiment Videos

Endotoxin increases ascorbate recycling and concentration in mouse liver.

Shiu-Ming Kuo1, Chee-Ho Tan, Magdalena Dragan

  • 1Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|September 24, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Sublethal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) boosts the body's natural antioxidant, ascorbate, particularly its recycling. This enhanced ascorbate may protect organs from oxidative stress during subsequent infections or injuries.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Sublethal exposure to Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) can protect against lethal oxidative stress insults.
  • Ascorbate (vitamin C) and its precursor dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA) are known antioxidants with protective effects against similar insults.
  • It is hypothesized that LPS exposure enhances endogenous ascorbate levels and recycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether sublethal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure increases endogenous ascorbate concentration and recycling.
  • To determine the impact of LPS on ascorbate levels in various organs and its effect on ascorbate synthesis and recycling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were injected with sublethal doses of LPS.
  • Ascorbate and glutathione concentrations were measured in adrenal gland, heart, kidney, and liver.

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  • Gulonolactone oxidase activity and the rate of DHAA reduction to ascorbate were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • LPS administration temporarily reduced food intake but increased ascorbate concentration in the adrenal gland, heart, kidney, and liver.
    • These effects were observed in both wild-type and Slc23a2+/- mice, indicating independence from the SVCT2 transporter.
    • LPS decreased de novo ascorbate synthesis (gulonolactone oxidase activity) but increased ascorbate recycling from DHAA in the liver.

    Conclusions:

    • Sublethal endotoxin (LPS) exposure enhances ascorbate recycling in the liver and increases ascorbate concentration in key organs.
    • The increased rate of ascorbate production from DHAA may serve as a protective mechanism against reactive oxygen species during subsequent challenges.