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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

In Vitro Assay of Plasmodium-Infected Red Blood Cell Killing by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes
Published on: August 17, 2022
Regulation of immune response by Plasmodium-infected red blood cells
F M Ndungu1, B C Urban, K Marsh
1National Institute for Medical Research, Division of Parasitology, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, NW7 1AA, UK.
Abstract:
During the asexual blood stage infection of the human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, parasite-derived proteins are inserted onto the surface of the host red blood cell membrane. These proteins are highly variable and were originally thought only to mediate antigenic variation, and sequestration of parasites from peripheral circulation, thus enabling immune evasion. Recent studies have revealed that PfEMP-1 and other molecules on the P. falciparum-infected red blood cell (PfRBC) activate and modulate the immune response. In this review, we discuss how PfRBCs interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and other cells of the immune system, and how such interactions could modulate the host response to Plasmodium infections.
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