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Female urethral diverticula.

James W S Lee1, Michelle M Fynes

  • 1Division of Urogynaecology & Pelvic Floor Reconstruction, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, Singapore 119074. wsleejames@yahoo.com

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|September 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Urethral diverticula are often missed, presenting as various cysts or herniations causing lower urinary tract symptoms. Surgical excision is typically required for definitive relief, prompting a re-evaluation of their cause.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Urethral diverticula are underdiagnosed conditions affecting women.
  • They range from simple cysts to urethral lining herniation into the vaginal mucosa.
  • Symptoms often involve the lower urinary and genital tracts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current management of urethral diverticula.
  • To re-examine the patho-aetiology of urethral diverticula.
  • To incorporate recent MRI findings of symptomatic microcystic lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical evaluation and patient history.
  • Diagnostic imaging including perineal ultrasound and MRI.
  • Review of current surgical and non-surgical interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, with imaging as adjuncts.
  • Antibiotics and urethral dilatation are often ineffective.
  • Surgical excision is the definitive treatment for symptomatic relief.

Conclusions:

  • Urethral diverticula require accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Recent MRI findings suggest a need to re-evaluate their underlying causes.
  • Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment for effective relief.