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Will transgenic plants adversely affect the environment?

Vassili V Velkov1, Alexander B Medvinsky, Mikhail S Sokolov

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences,Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russian Federation. vvvelkov@rambler.ru

Journal of Biosciences
|September 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Large-scale use of genetically modified insecticidal and herbicide-tolerant crops shows minimal adverse environmental impact. These transgenic plants can even benefit ecosystems by reducing chemical pesticide and herbicide use.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural biotechnology
  • Environmental science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Transgenic insecticidal plants (Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins, proteinase inhibitors, lectins) and herbicide-tolerant plants are prevalent in modern agriculture.
  • Concerns exist regarding potential adverse environmental effects of these genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on the environmental safety of transgenic insecticidal and herbicide-tolerant plants.
  • To assess the likelihood of adverse effects on non-target species, invasiveness, horizontal gene transfer, and soil biota.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and studies on the environmental impact of transgenic crops.
  • Analysis of data concerning effects on non-target organisms, gene flow, and soil ecosystems.

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Main Results:

  • Overall, large-scale deployment of transgenic insecticidal and herbicide-tolerant plants has not demonstrated significant negative environmental effects.
  • No considerable adverse impacts were observed on non-target species, invasiveness, gene transfer, or soil biota.

Conclusions:

  • Transgenic insecticidal and herbicide-tolerant crops are generally safe for the environment.
  • These GMOs offer environmental and health benefits by substantially decreasing the reliance on chemical insecticides and herbicides.