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Translation initiation by non-AUG codons in Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants

Annie Depeiges1, Fabienne Degroote, Marie Claude Espagnol

  • 1UMR 6547 CNRS GEEM-BIOMOVE, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 avenue des Landais, 63177 Aubière, France. Annie.DEPEIGES@univ-bpclermont.fr

Plant Cell Reports
|September 27, 2005
PubMed

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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
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The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
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