Self-efficacy-based smoking situation factors: the effects of contemplating quitting versus relapsing in a Turkish...

The patterning of smoking situations on the basis of self-efficacy expectations among 174 Turkish smokers was examined by factor analysis which yielded five smoking situations. The examination of the effects of relapse versus contemplation to quit showed that contemplators had higher efficacy expectations as compared to noncontemplators, whereas relapse had no significant effect on efficacy beliefs. Least self-efficacy was observed for situations involving affective elements and highest efficacy for habitual situations. Results were discussed in terms of the heterogeneity of smokers and treatment implications.