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Surface charge heterogeneities measured by atomic force microscopy.

Patricia Taboada-Serrano1, Viriya Vithayaveroj, Sotira Yiacoumi

  • 1School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0512, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|September 30, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Surface charge heterogeneity influences colloidal particle aggregation and deposition. Atomic force microscopy revealed localized repulsive forces on silica surfaces modified with copper ions, explaining particle behavior in challenging conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Colloidal particle aggregation and deposition are complex phenomena influenced by factors like surface roughness and charge.
  • Understanding surface charge heterogeneity is crucial for predicting particle behavior in natural and engineered systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of surface charge heterogeneity on interaction forces governing colloidal particle aggregation and deposition.
  • To map interaction forces and relate them to surface charge variations using atomic force microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized force-volume mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) to map interaction forces on a silica surface.
  • Modified silica surface charge using copper ion sorption at varying concentrations, pH, and ionic strengths.

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  • Employed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to confirm copper presence on the surface.

    • Main Results:

    • AFM force measurements demonstrated changes in interaction forces from attraction to repulsion across different surface regions.
    • Force imaging localized zones of strong repulsion that decreased in size with increasing ionic strength.
    • Copper ion sorption induced surface charge reversal and heterogeneity, influencing interaction forces.

    Conclusions:

    • Local charge differences on a surface directly lead to variations in both magnitude and direction of surface forces.
    • This localized force variation provides a potential explanation for colloidal particle aggregation, deposition, and transport under unfavorable conditions.