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Obesity, overweight and ethnicity.

Mark S Tremblay1, Claudio E Pérez, Chris I Ardern

  • 1Health Statistics Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0T6. mark.tremblay@statcan.ca

Health Reports
|September 30, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Obesity rates are highest among Aboriginal peoples and lowest in East/Southeast Asians in Canada. Recent immigrants have lower overweight risks, but this benefit diminishes over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Overweight and obesity are significant public health concerns.
  • Ethnic and immigration factors may influence body mass index (BMI) distribution.
  • Understanding these disparities is crucial for targeted health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity by ethnicity in Canada.
  • To investigate the impact of time since immigration on these prevalences within and between ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from Statistics Canada's Canadian Community Health Survey (2000/01 and 2003).
  • Calculated weighted prevalences of overweight (BMI ≥25) and obesity (BMI ≥30) by sex and ethnicity (ages 20-64).
  • Employed multiple logistic regression, controlling for age, income, education, and physical activity, to analyze ethnicity and immigration duration effects.

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Main Results:

  • Aboriginal individuals exhibited the highest overweight/obesity rates; East/Southeast Asians had the lowest.
  • Aboriginal people had higher odds of overweight/obesity compared to Whites, while South Asians and East/Southeast Asians had lower odds.
  • Recent immigrants (≤10 years) showed lower overweight prevalence than non-immigrants, a difference that decreased with longer duration of stay.

Conclusions:

  • Significant ethnic variations in overweight and obesity exist in Canada.
  • Immigration status is associated with BMI, with protective effects diminishing over time.
  • Public health strategies should consider ethnicity and immigration duration to address obesity disparities.