Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Monogenic causes of stroke

Martin Dichgans1

  • 1Neurologische Klinik, Klinikum Grosshadern, Munich, Germany. mdichgans@nefo.med.uni-muenchen.de

International Psychogeriatrics
|September 30, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Monogenic stroke disorders, though rare, offer insights into stroke mechanisms. This review focuses on CADASIL and familial cerebral amyloid angiopathy, highlighting their roles in understanding small vessel disease and sporadic conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Monogenic disorders represent a small fraction of stroke cases but are crucial for elucidating fundamental disease mechanisms.
  • Understanding genetic stroke subtypes aids in deciphering the pathophysiology of more common stroke forms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on monogenic stroke.
  • To focus on Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) and familial cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent data on monogenic stroke.
  • Focus on genetic variants of small vessel disease and CAA.

Main Results:

  • CADASIL serves as a model for genetic ischemic small vessel disease.
  • Familial CAA shares characteristics with sporadic forms of the disease.

Conclusions:

  • Monogenic stroke disorders, exemplified by CADASIL and familial CAA, provide valuable insights into stroke pathogenesis.
  • These genetic conditions illuminate mechanisms relevant to both small vessel disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

More Related Videos

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability09:11

Performing Permanent Distal Middle Cerebral with Common Carotid Artery Occlusion in Aged Rats to Study Cortical Ischemia with Sustained Disability

Published on: February 23, 2016

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Permanent Coagulation of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery08:14

Modeling Stroke in Mice: Permanent Coagulation of the Distal Middle Cerebral Artery

Published on: July 31, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Stroke: Introduction and Types01:29

Stroke: Introduction and Types

A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...