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Inapparent visual field defects in multiple sclerosis patients.

Tomislav Vidović1, Branimir Cerovski, Dubravka Horvat Vidović

  • 1University Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Center, Rebro, Zagreb, Croatia. tvidovic@kbc-zagreb.hr

Collegium Antropologicum
|October 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Many multiple sclerosis patients have undetected visual field defects, even without symptoms. Early visual field testing can reveal subclinical optic nerve damage in multiple sclerosis patients.

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SUBCLINICAL OPTIC NEURITIS.

Acta clinica Croatica·2024

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Optic neuritis is a common manifestation of MS, but subclinical visual field defects can also occur.
  • Early detection of visual impairment is crucial for managing MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of inapparent visual field defects in multiple sclerosis patients without optic neuritis.
  • To assess the utility of visual field testing in identifying early-stage optic nerve involvement in MS.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 120 multiple sclerosis patients was divided into three groups: acute optic neuritis, subjective visual symptoms, and symptom-free.
  • All patients underwent a standard ophthalmologic examination and quantitative kinetic Goldmann perimetry for visual field testing.

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  • Visual field testing was conducted in photopic conditions, with initial and follow-up examinations at least six months apart.

    • Main Results:

    • 65% of multiple sclerosis patients exhibited visual field defects despite lacking subjective symptoms of vision impairment.
    • The most frequent defects included mild to moderate visual field narrowing, enlarged blind spots, and superior visual field depression.
    • Subclinical visual field defects were identified across all patient groups, including those free from subjective visual complaints.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual field testing is effective in detecting subclinical optic nerve involvement in early stages of multiple sclerosis.
    • Integrating visual field testing into routine examinations can aid in the early diagnosis and management of visual complications in MS patients.
    • The study highlights the high prevalence of asymptomatic visual field defects in MS, underscoring the need for comprehensive visual assessments.