Intensive care of the acute stroke patient

Advances in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of stroke have led to the development of specialized units capable of employing new technologies for acute stroke care. This new approach to treatment of the stroke patient has resulted in improved clinical outcomes and a better understanding of the factors that contribute to neurological recovery. Intensive monitoring after treatment, management of medical comorbidities, anticipation of known complications, and prompt treatment of a worsening condition each contribute toward this higher standard of care. While improved outcomes are associated with care in a dedicated stroke unit, many of the therapies employed have not been rigidly tested in randomized controlled trials. The stroke unit creates a unique environment for research and holds an academic responsibility to continue to validate its treatment and explore innovative therapies for treatment of acute stroke. The goal of this article is to discuss the current care of the acute stroke patient and to introduce novel therapies currently being investigated.