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Laboratory surveillance for wild and vaccine-derived polioviruses, January 2004-June 2005

    MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
    |October 1, 2005
    PubMed

    Insights

    The World Health Organization

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Epidemiology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • The World Health Organization (WHO) established a global network of 145 virology laboratories.
    • This network supports the Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) through surveillance activities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze stool and environmental samples for polioviruses.
    • To identify circulating wild polioviruses (WPVs) and vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs).
    • To guide supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) and investigate viral genetic relationships.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a surveillance system to detect at least one acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) case per 100,000 persons aged <15 years.
    • Collecting adequate stool samples from patients and environmental samples.
    • Analyzing samples in Global Polio Laboratory Network laboratories.

    Main Results:

    • Laboratory data were used to identify WPV and VDPV circulation.
    • Data informed targeted SIAs to interrupt transmission.
    • Genetic relationships among viral isolates were investigated.

    Conclusions:

    • The Global Polio Laboratory Network plays a crucial role in polio eradication efforts.
    • Laboratory surveillance is essential for detecting and responding to poliovirus circulation.
    • The network's performance is critical for achieving a polio-free world.

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