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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Cardiovascular disease in children with chronic kidney disease

Mark M Mitsnefes1

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. mark.mitsnefes@cchmc.org

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease
|October 4, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Early detection of cardiac issues and risk factors is crucial for improving outcomes in these young patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has remained stagnant for 30 years.
  • Cardiac disease is the second leading cause of death in pediatric ESRD patients.
  • Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit a high prevalence of CVD risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the persistent challenge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in pediatric end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • To emphasize the early detection of cardiovascular abnormalities in children with CKD.
  • To advocate for early intervention strategies to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data on CVD risk factors in pediatric CKD patients.
  • Identification of early markers for cardiomyopathy (e.g., left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular dysfunction).
  • Assessment of early atherosclerosis indicators (e.g., carotid artery intima-media thickness, arterial wall stiffness).

Main Results:

  • High incidence and prevalence of traditional and CKD-related CVD risk factors in children.
  • Frequent detection of early cardiomyopathy markers like left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction.
  • Common presence of early atherosclerosis markers, including increased carotid artery intima-media thickness and arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of modifiable CVD risk factors in children with CKD is essential.
  • Treatment of asymptomatic CVD in this population may decrease long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Proactive management can improve the cardiovascular health of young adults with a history of childhood CKD.

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