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Related Experiment Videos

Evolution of virulence: interdependence, constraints, and selection using nested models.

Michael A Gilchrist1, Daniel Coombs

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 569 Dabney Hall, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996-1610, USA.

Theoretical Population Biology
|October 4, 2005
PubMed
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Natural selection on viruses occurs within hosts and between them. This study models both levels to find when selection pressures align or conflict, impacting viral evolution.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Natural selection operates on virus populations at both within-host and between-host levels.
  • Previous research often assumes conflict between these two levels of selection.
  • Trade-offs between transmission and virulence are key in both within-host and epidemiological studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explicitly model and evaluate the direction of selection at both within-host and between-host levels.
  • To identify conditions under which selection at these two scales is in accord or conflict.
  • To challenge the assumption that within- and between-host selection are always in opposition.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a nested modeling approach.
  • Integrating a model of within-host viral dynamics with a model of between-host disease dynamics.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzing the direction of selection at each level.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that within- and between-host selection can operate in accord or conflict.
    • Identified specific conditions that lead to alignment or opposition of selection pressures.
    • Provided a framework for understanding the interplay of multi-level selection in viral evolution.

    Conclusions:

    • The assumption of inherent conflict between within- and between-host selection is not universally true.
    • Understanding the conditions for accord and conflict is crucial for predicting viral evolution and virulence.
    • This research offers new insights into the complex dynamics of natural selection in virus populations.