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The insulin receptor--single function and dual effect.

J C Butte1

  • 1FBN Scientific, Menlo Park, CA 94026.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|April 21, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Insulin

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Insulin's effects on glucose metabolism are known, but downstream reactions post-receptor activation are unclear.
  • The insulin receptor exhibits basal autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity, even without insulin.
  • Existing evidence suggests insulin receptor activity independent of insulin binding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate insulin receptor function based on its basal activity.
  • To propose a novel mechanism where insulin binding inhibits glucose transport.
  • To explain how insulin aggregation of receptors increases glucose entry.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on insulin receptor function.
  • Analysis of basal enzymatic activity of the insulin receptor.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Theoretical modeling of insulin receptor aggregation and its effect on glucose transport.

    • Main Results:

    • Insulin receptor's primary role may be to inhibit glucose transport at low insulin levels.
    • Basal receptor activity supports its inhibitory function in the absence of insulin.
    • Insulin binding aggregates inhibitory receptors, preventing inhibition and increasing glucose transport.

    Conclusions:

    • The insulin receptor acts as an inhibitor of glucose transport under basal conditions.
    • Insulin's classical effect is achieved by disrupting this inhibition through receptor aggregation.
    • This model provides a mechanism for previously observed regulatory processes in glucose metabolism.