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Quantifying transmission of Campylobacter spp. among broilers.

T J W M Van Gerwe1, A Bouma, W F Jacobs-Reitsma

  • 1Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|October 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Campylobacter transmission in broiler chickens spreads rapidly, with a rate of 1.04 new cases per day. This rapid spread necessitates effective control measures to prevent widespread contamination in poultry flocks.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Food Safety
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Campylobacter species are a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans.
  • Poultry products are a common source of Campylobacter infection due to contamination during handling.
  • Precise knowledge of Campylobacter transmission dynamics in broiler flocks is crucial for effective control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the transmission rate parameter of Campylobacter within broiler flocks.
  • To develop a mathematical model for estimating Campylobacter transmission dynamics.
  • To provide data for optimizing sampling schemes and control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Four controlled experiments were conducted with Campylobacter-inoculated chicks and contact chicks.
  • Colonization was monitored through regular fecal sample testing for Campylobacter.
  • A mathematical model was employed to calculate the transmission rate parameter.

Main Results:

  • The estimated transmission rate of Campylobacter was determined to be 1.04 new cases per colonized chick per day.
  • A rapid increase in prevalence is predicted, with a flock of 20,000 potentially moving from 5% to 95% prevalence in 6 days.
  • The mathematical model provides a quantitative measure of transmission dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The quantified transmission rate highlights the rapid spread potential of Campylobacter in broiler populations.
  • The developed model and transmission rate can inform the design of targeted surveillance and intervention strategies.
  • Understanding transmission dynamics aids in estimating the timing of Campylobacter introduction into commercial flocks.