Inter-individual variation of inflammatory markers of cardiovascular risks and diseases

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular health and inflammation research.

Background:

• Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant public health challenge due to their complex, multifactorial origins.
• Understanding CVDs is complicated by their clinical and biological heterogeneity.
• Examining individual biological systems and their interactions offers a path to comprehending disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors influencing inflammation's intermediate phenotypes (protein and RNA levels).
• To explore a novel approach using intermediate phenotype variation for elucidating complex diseases like CVDs.
• To identify potential risk markers for predicting and managing cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on determinants of inflammation's intermediate phenotypes.
• Analysis of studies investigating environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors in healthy populations.
• Synthesis of findings on protein and RNA levels as intermediate phenotypes of inflammation.

Main Results:

• Inflammation is a key factor in the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases.
• Environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors significantly influence intermediate inflammation phenotypes.
• Studies in healthy populations reveal insights into the regulation of these phenotypes.

Conclusions:

• Studying intermediate phenotypes of inflammation provides a promising approach to understanding cardiovascular diseases.
• Identifying determinants of these phenotypes can lead to novel risk markers.
• This approach may enable personalized treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease patients.