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Related Experiment Videos

Levocarnitine and dialysis: a review.

Brian Schreiber1

  • 1Dialysis Care, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. bdschreib@new.rr.com

Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|October 7, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Dialysis patients often have fatty acid metabolism issues, leading to health problems. Levocarnitine supplementation may help improve these conditions and reduce patient morbidity.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dialysis patients exhibit metabolic abnormalities, particularly in fatty acid metabolism.
  • Defective fatty acid metabolism contributes to oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and apoptosis, increasing morbidity.
  • Carnitine deficiency is common in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence of carnitine deficiency in dialysis patients.
  • To examine clinical trial data on levocarnitine therapy efficacy.
  • To summarize and contrast expert recommendations with current guidelines for levocarnitine access.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on carnitine metabolism in dialysis patients.
  • Analysis of clinical trials investigating levocarnitine's effects on dialysis-related conditions.

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  • Synthesis of consensus recommendations and current access guidelines.

    • Main Results:

    • Dialysis patients often present with carnitine deficiency, indicated by low plasma free carnitine and altered acyl:free carnitine ratio.
    • Levocarnitine therapy has been studied for skeletal muscle weakness, cardiomyopathy, hypotension, hyperlipidemia, and anemia.
    • Evidence suggests levocarnitine can mitigate some adverse effects of defective fatty acid metabolism.

    Conclusions:

    • Carnitine deficiency is a significant issue in dialysis populations.
    • Levocarnitine supplementation shows potential therapeutic benefits for various complications.
    • Further clarification of consensus recommendations versus current guidelines for levocarnitine access is needed.