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Morphological classification of mandibular dental arch forms by correlation and principal component analyses
Shunji Kumabe1, Michiko Nakatsuka, Yasutomo Iwai-Liao
1Department of Oral Anatomy, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi, Osaka, Japan. kumabe@cc.osaka-dent.ac.jp
Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica
|October 11, 2005
Summary
This study analyzed mandibular arch morphology in young adults, finding most had round-square arches. Key parameters identified include anterior tooth curvature and arch roundness, differentiating arch shapes.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Anthropometry
Background:
- Understanding dental arch morphology is crucial for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.
- Previous classifications of mandibular arch shapes lacked detailed quantitative analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively evaluate and classify the morphology of mandibular dental arches.
- To identify key parameters that define different mandibular arch shapes.
Main Methods:
- Selected 53 dental casts with normal occlusion from a larger sample.
- Defined reference points on incisors, cuspids, premolars, and molars.
- Measured parameters including cuspid protrusion, anterior tooth curvature, arch length-to-width ratio, and arch roundness.
- Utilized principal component analysis to summarize morphological data.
Main Results:
- Round-square arches were most prevalent (67.9%), followed by square (20.8%) and round V-shaped (11.3%) arches; no pure round arches were found.
- Significant differences were observed in specific measurements (items 3, 4, 6) across different mandibular arch types.
- Principal component analysis revealed significant differences in arch form, particularly between round V-shaped and other types.
Conclusions:
- Mandibular arch morphology is determined by parameters reflecting anterior tooth curvature and arch roundness.
- Quantitative analysis provides a basis for objective classification of mandibular dental arch shapes.
- The findings contribute to a better understanding of dental arch variations in individuals with normal occlusion.
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