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Atherogenic lipid profile and cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected patients (Nétar Study)

J Santos1, R Palacios, M González

  • 1Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Campus Teatinus s/n, Málaga 29010, Spain. med000854@saludalia.com

International Journal of STD & AIDS
|October 11, 2005
PubMed

Insights

This study found that 26.9% of HIV patients have an atherogenic lipid profile, linked to sex, protease inhibitors, and HIV risk behaviors. While current cardiovascular risk is low, future risk may increase due to HAART-associated factors.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Lipidology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved HIV management but may influence lipid profiles and CVD risk.
  • Understanding atherogenic lipid profile (ALP) and cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in HIV outpatients is crucial for preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of ALP and CVR factors in a cohort of HIV outpatients.
  • To identify factors associated with ALP and high CVR in this population.
  • To assess the potential for increased future CVR in HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted on 603 HIV outpatients.
  • Cardiovascular risk was estimated using the Framingham score.
  • ALP was defined by specific cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and high CVR was defined as >10% 10-year risk.

Main Results:

  • Smoking was the most frequent CVR factor.
  • ALP was diagnosed in 26.9% of patients and was associated with female sex, protease inhibitor use, and sexual HIV risk.
  • Mean 10-year CVR was 6.2%, with 20.4% having high CVR, linked to sexual HIV risk and nadir CD4 count.

Conclusions:

  • While current CVR is not elevated, specific HAART-associated factors contribute to dyslipidemia in HIV patients.
  • The high prevalence of risk factors and lipid profile alterations suggest a potential for increased future CVR.
  • Long-term monitoring and management of lipid profiles and CVR factors are essential for HIV outpatients.

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