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Communication disorders in Nigerian children
O A Somefun1, F E A Lesi, M A Danfulani
1Otolaryngology Unit, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos (CMUL), Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria. aosomefun@yahoo.com
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|October 11, 2005
Summary
Hearing impairment is the most common communication disorder in children. Early detection and intervention are crucial for development, requiring increased training for speech therapists and audiologists.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Audiology
- Speech-Language Pathology
- Public Health
Background:
- Communication disorders significantly impact child development, vocational prospects, and societal economic well-being.
- Addressing these disorders is a critical public health concern, particularly in developing nations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and patterns of communication disorders in children.
- To identify the necessary intervention services for affected children in a developing country context.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study conducted at Lagos University Teaching Hospital from January 2002 to June 2003.
- Involved 184 children aged 6 months to 15 years presenting with communication disorders.
- Comprehensive evaluations included neurological, otolaryngological, audiological, and speech assessments.
Main Results:
- Hearing impairment was the most frequent disorder (65.2%), often associated with delayed speech and language (70%).
- Speech disorders affected 30.4%, with specific language impairment (SLI) in 78.6% of these cases.
- Undetermined causes accounted for 47.9% of communication disorders, with seizures, measles, and meningitis as notable etiological factors.
Conclusions:
- Hearing impairment is the predominant communication disorder requiring early identification and follow-up.
- Strengthening parental/caregiver involvement in seeking early help is vital.
- Capacity building for training more audiologists and speech therapists is urgently needed.
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