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Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
A dietary pattern that lowers oxidative stress increases antibodies to oxidized LDL: results from a randomized
Edgar R Miller1, Thomas P Erlinger, Frank M Sacks
1Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 2024 East Monument Street, Suite 2-624, Baltimore, MD 21205-2223, USA. ermiller@jhmi.edu
Background:
Oxidation of LDL (oxLDL) is thought to have an important role in early stages of atherogenesis. Antibody to oxLDL (Ab-oxLDL) has been proposed as a biomarker which might be directly associated with oxidative stress. Yet studies designed to test this hypothesis are lacking. We tested the hypothesis that consumption of a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables and reduced in saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol will concomitantly reduce oxidative stress and Ab-oxLDL.
Methods:
One hundred and three healthy individuals were randomly assigned to consume a typical American (control) diet or the DASH diet rich in fruits, vegetables and low-fat dairy products and reduced in fat (27%), saturated fat (7%), and cholesterol (150 mg/day) for 3 months. Outcomes were urinary isoprostanes (in vivo marker of oxidative stress), oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC, an in vitro assay measuring antioxidant activity in serum), and Ab-oxLDL measured at baseline, 1-3 months of feeding.
Results:
Compared to the control diet, consumption of the DASH diet significantly lowered urinary isoprostane (-226 pg/ml, 95% CI: -420 to -32, P=0.023). Compared with the control group, change in ORAC was higher in the DASH group, 143 trolox units/ml (95% CI: -23 to 308, P=0.091). In comparison with the control diet, increased titers of Ab-oxLDL (37 mU/ml [95% CI: 16-57, P=0.006]) were seen after consumption of the DASH diet. Higher titers of Ab-oxLDL occurred at month 2 (56 mU/ml, 95% CI: 20-90, P=0.004) and month 3 (41 mU/ml, 95% CI: -6 to 88, P=0.082), after initially small increases at month 1 (20 mU/ml, 95% CI: -10 to 51, P=0.176). End-of-study increases in AB-oxLDL were highly correlated with increased ORAC (Spearman's rho=0.46, P<0.0001), but not with changes in specific carotenoids, tocopherols or with change in LDL cholesterol (each: P>0.10).
Conclusion:
Consumption of a healthy diet replete in antioxidants reduced oxidative stress (urinary isoprostanes) yet increased Ab-oxLDL. This indirect association of Ab-oxLDL with urinary isoprostanes hinders use of Ab-oxLDL as a marker of oxidative damage.
