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Shape memory effect in Cu nanowires.

Wuwei Liang¹, Min Zhou, Fujiu Ke

¹School of Materials Science and Engineering, The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0405, USA.

|October 13, 2005

Summary

Single-crystalline copper nanowires exhibit remarkable pseudoelasticity and shape memory effects, showing over 50% recoverable strain due to nanoscale lattice reorientation.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Computational Materials Science

Background:

Bulk copper (Cu) does not exhibit pseudoelasticity or shape memory effects.
Nanoscale materials possess unique properties due to high surface-to-volume ratios.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the pseudoelastic behavior and shape memory effect in single-crystalline face-centered-cubic (FCC) Cu nanowires.
To understand the underlying mechanisms of this nanoscale phenomenon.

Main Methods:

Atomistic simulations were employed to study Cu nanowires.
Tensile loading and unloading simulations were performed.

Main Results:

A rubber-like pseudoelastic behavior was discovered in FCC Cu nanowires.
Recoverable strains exceeding 50% were observed, significantly higher than bulk shape memory alloys (SMAs).
The phenomenon is linked to reversible crystallographic lattice reorientation driven by surface stress.

Conclusions:

Single-crystalline Cu nanowires exhibit a pronounced shape memory effect (SME) and pseudoelasticity.
This behavior is size-dependent (1.76–3.39 nm) and temperature-dependent (100–900 K).
Nanoscale lattice reorientation is the key mechanism, absent in bulk materials.

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