Treatment of pediatric and adolescent headaches

The treatment of childhood headaches requires a thorough investigation of the underlying etiology, including the use of standardized diagnostic criteria, and neurologic and comprehensive examinations. If secondary headaches are identified, the headaches should resolve with treatment of the underlying cause. If the headaches persist or primary headaches are identified, a three-component treatment approach may need to be developed. This includes acute therapy, preventative therapy, and biobehavioral therapy. All of these components need to be addressed in the treatment of childhood headaches, and clear goals of treatment must be discussed with the patient and parents.