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Splenic arterial interventions: anatomy, indications, technical considerations, and potential complications
David C Madoff1, Alban Denys, Michael J Wallace
1Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Interventional Radiology Section, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 325, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA. dmadoff@di.mdacc.tmc.edu
Summary
Splenic arterial interventions offer a less invasive alternative to surgery for conditions like trauma and tumors. These procedures can preserve spleen function and improve patient outcomes, making them valuable in interventional radiology.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Vascular Surgery
- Abdominal Imaging
Background:
- Splenic arterial interventions are gaining prominence as alternatives to open surgery.
- These procedures address diverse conditions including trauma, hypersplenism, aneurysms, portal hypertension, and neoplasms.
- They offer potential for spleen function salvage and improved hematologic parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the indications, techniques, and outcomes of splenic arterial interventions.
- To highlight the role of these procedures in managing splenic pathologies and related conditions.
- To emphasize the importance of understanding splenic vascular anatomy and potential complications.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical applications and interventional techniques for splenic artery interventions.
- Discussion of anatomical considerations and procedural challenges.
- Analysis of potential adjunctive therapies, such as radiofrequency ablation.
Main Results:
- Splenic interventions are effective in treating splenic artery aneurysms, portal hypertension, and splenic neoplasms.
- Procedures can salvage splenic function in trauma and hypersplenism cases.
- Interventions may enable patients to undergo necessary chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians must be well-versed in splenic vascular anatomy and intervention techniques.
- Familiarity with indications, contraindications, and potential complications (e.g., abscess, pancreatitis) is crucial.
- Splenic arterial interventions represent a significant advancement in managing complex splenic conditions.