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Dengue virus type 3, Brazil, 2002.

Rita Maria Ribeiro Nogueira1, Hermann Gonçalves Schatzmayr, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis

  • 1Departamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. rita@ioc.fiocruz.br

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|October 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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Rio de Janeiro experienced a severe dengue fever epidemic in 2002, primarily caused by dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3). This study confirmed over 800 cases, highlighting DENV-3

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Rio de Janeiro faced a significant dengue fever epidemic in 2002, with over 288,000 reported cases.
  • A notable number of severe dengue hemorrhagic fever cases were also recorded during this period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze samples from suspected dengue infection cases during the first half of 2002.
  • To confirm dengue infections and identify the predominant dengue virus serotype.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of samples from 1,559 patients with suspected dengue infections.
  • Utilized various diagnostic methods to confirm dengue cases, including fatal and non-fatal instances.
  • Virus identification was performed to determine the specific dengue virus type.

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Main Results:

  • 831 (53.3%) of the suspected cases were confirmed as dengue infection, including 40 fatal cases.
  • Dengue virus type 3 (DENV-3) was identified in 99% of confirmed cases where virus identification was successful.
  • One case of encephalitis with DENV-3 RNA detected in cerebrospinal fluid indicated neurological involvement.

Conclusions:

  • The 2002 epidemic in Rio de Janeiro was predominantly caused by DENV-3, representing the most severe outbreak in Brazil since 1986.
  • DENV-3 poses a significant public health threat, capable of causing severe disease, including neurological complications.