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Endemic tularemia, Sweden, 2003.

Lara Payne1, Malin Arneborn, Anders Tegnell

  • 1European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Solna, Sweden. Lara.Payne@si.ki.se

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|October 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Sweden has reported tularemia cases since 1931 without clear patterns. A large 2003 outbreak, the biggest since 1967, saw increased cases in non-endemic regions, with causes still unknown.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tularemia (rabbit fever) has been documented in Sweden since 1931.
  • Historical data does not reveal consistent cyclical patterns in tularemia incidence.
  • A significant increase in tularemia cases was observed in 2003.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the occurrence of tularemia in Sweden.
  • To investigate the factors contributing to the 2003 tularemia outbreak.
  • To understand the geographic distribution of tularemia cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of reported tularemia cases in Sweden.
  • Examination of case data from 1931 to the present.
  • Geographic mapping of tularemia outbreaks.

Main Results:

  • Tularemia cases are reported annually in Sweden, but no predictable cycles exist.
  • The year 2003 marked the largest tularemia outbreak since 1967, with 698 reported cases.
  • An increase in tularemia reports originated from areas not previously considered endemic for the disease.

Conclusions:

  • Tularemia occurrence in Sweden lacks identifiable cyclical patterns.
  • The drivers and geographic spread of tularemia outbreaks, particularly the 2003 event, remain unclear.
  • Further research is needed to understand the epidemiology and contributing factors of tularemia in Sweden.

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