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Related Experiment Videos

Differential absorption sensor applied for liquid oxygen measurements.

Jason R Schmidt1, Scott T Sanders

  • 1Engine Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. jasonschmidt@wisc.edu

Applied Optics
|October 20, 2005
PubMed
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This study demonstrates differential laser absorption for monitoring liquid oxygen (LOX) density changes with 1% uncertainty. This technique offers precise sensing for applications requiring extended dynamic range.

Area of Science:

  • Optical sensing technologies
  • Laser spectroscopy applications
  • Cryogenic fluid monitoring

Background:

  • Differential absorption is typically used for trace substance detection.
  • Monitoring large quantities of substances requires extended dynamic range capabilities.
  • Existing methods may lack precision for subtle changes in dense fluids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differential laser absorption for monitoring liquid oxygen (LOX) number density.
  • To adapt differential absorption for sensing small changes in large substance volumes.
  • To assess the precision and speed of this sensing method for LOX.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two lasers of different wavelengths, intensity modulated out of phase.
  • Multiplexed laser beams probed a path through liquid oxygen.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Simulated density changes by varying the optical path length.
  • Demodulated the transmitted signal using a lock-in amplifier.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved LOX number density monitoring with approximately 1% uncertainty.
    • Demonstrated a time constant of 3 microseconds for rapid measurements.
    • Showed that doubling the path length could halve the uncertainty.
    • Identified relative intensity noise as a key factor influencing uncertainty.

    Conclusions:

    • Differential laser absorption is effective for monitoring subtle changes in LOX density.
    • The technique offers high precision and rapid response times.
    • Potential for improved accuracy exists by increasing the optical path length.
    • This method is suitable for applications demanding extended dynamic range sensing.