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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Site-Specific Lysine Lactylation via Genetic Code Expansion in E. coli and Mammalian Cells
Published on: February 24, 2026
L-Lysine production by exponential feeding of L-threonine
1Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Abstract:
The effect of L-threonine feeding in the production phase on L-lysine production by Brevibacterium flavum, which requires L-homoserine or L-threonine for cell growth, was investigated considering the concerted inhibition by L-threonine plus L-lysine, and the metabolism related to lysine production. Exponential feeding of L-threonine increased L-lysine production to 70 g/l about three times that without feeding. From the analysis of the metabolic flux, carbon flux of L-lysine synthesis pathway in the production phase after L-threonine feeding was higher than that in the growth phase. The results show that feeding of an inhibitory substance may increase the production, especially when the substance is necessary for the continuation of cell growth and/or production.
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