[Bone augmentation at present and in the near future]

Autologous bone graft is a gold standard for bone augmentation and is routinely applied. As methods for bone augmentation in the dental field, GBR, distraction osteogenesis, bone substitutes of calcium-phosphate materials and PRP have already been applied clinically. Furthermore, clinical results of the applications of recombinant proteins of BMP and various growth factors, and the applications of the cells from bone marrow and periostium have been reported. A new method for bone augmentation is thus likely to appear. Society accepts medical treatments that are "effective", "safe", "simple" and "economical". Taking the initials of these words, this paper proposes the concept of "2E2S". Based on recent studies of bone augmentation from the viewpoint of "2E2S", the author will predict bone augmentation in the near future.