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Implementation of an evidence-based feeding protocol and aspiration risk reduction algorithm.

Amy Bowman1, Joseph E Greiner, Kevin C Doerschug

  • 1Intensive and Speciality Services Division, Department of Nursing Services and Patient Care, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. amy-bowman@uiowa.edu

Critical Care Nursing Quarterly
|October 22, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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Implementing an evidence-based enteral feeding protocol and aspiration risk algorithm reduced pneumonia complications in critically ill patients. This initiative improved feeding tolerance and decreased hospital-acquired infections, enhancing patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Aspiration pneumonia is a severe complication linked to mechanical ventilation and enteral tube feeding.
  • This condition significantly increases patient mortality, hospital stay duration, and healthcare expenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development and implementation of an evidence-based enteral feeding protocol.
  • To introduce an algorithm for reducing aspiration risk in intensive care settings.

Main Methods:

  • An evidence-based practice approach was used to create the protocol and algorithm.
  • These tools were piloted in a Medical Intensive Care Unit at a Midwest tertiary care center.
  • Chart audits were conducted to assess the impact of the interventions.

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Main Results:

  • The percentage of patients achieving their goal enteral feeding rate increased from 78% to 85%.
  • Reported cases of aspiration pneumonia decreased from 4.8 to 4.3 patients per month.
  • Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates declined from 6.8 to 3.2 per 1000 patient days.

Conclusions:

  • The developed enteral feeding protocol and aspiration risk reduction algorithm are effective in improving patient outcomes.
  • These evidence-based tools can reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU.
  • Implementation of such protocols is crucial for enhancing patient safety and reducing healthcare costs.