Smoking and hip fracture; a study of 3617 cases

We analysed the characteristics and outcome for 467 hip fracture patients, who reported that they were currently smoking at the time of admission, against 3150 non-smoking hip fracture patients. Those patients who smoked were younger (72 years versus 81 years mean age), more likely to be male (35.3% versus 19.5%), more mobile and less likely to be living in institutional care (7.5% versus 25.0%). Preoperative outcomes and complication rates were similar, despite the smokers' relative youth. Mortality at 30 days was similar for the two groups (6.2% versus 7.6%), but lower for the smokers at one year (22.7% versus 27.6%). However, with adjustment for the younger age and sex of these patients, this difference in mortality was not statistically significant. These findings suggest that smoking results in hip fracture occurring at a younger age. Despite this, the outcome for smokers was similar to that for the average hip fracture patient.