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Lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis in cats: 14 cases (1985-1990)
J S Dennis1, J M Kruger, T P Mullaney
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824.
Summary
Lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis, a common feline disease, affects purebred cats more frequently. Diagnosis involves endoscopy and biopsy, with treatment including diet and medication, though outcomes vary.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Gastroenterology
- Feline Health
Background:
- Lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis is an inflammatory bowel disease in cats.
- This condition can lead to significant clinical signs including vomiting and weight loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and histopathologic findings of lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis in cats.
- To evaluate treatment outcomes in affected cats.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis of 14 cats diagnosed with lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis over a 5-year period.
- Clinical signs, biochemical data, endoscopic findings, and histopathologic results from biopsy specimens were reviewed.
- Treatment response to glucocorticoids and dietary management was assessed.
Main Results:
- Purebred cats were disproportionately affected. Common clinical signs included vomiting and weight loss. Histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens confirmed inflammation in all cats, most commonly affecting the duodenum.
- Biochemical findings frequently included elevated hepatic enzymes and low plasma protein. Endoscopic findings were often non-specific.
- Treatment was effective in 7 cats, but 6 cats showed no improvement, with 5 being euthanized due to disease severity.
Conclusions:
- Lymphocytic/plasmacytic gastroenteritis is a significant cause of gastrointestinal signs in cats, particularly in purebreds.
- Diagnosis relies on histopathology, while endoscopic findings can be variable.
- Treatment efficacy is inconsistent, highlighting the need for further research into optimal management strategies.