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Updated: Aug 1, 2026

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
Published on: May 3, 2014
Decapping the message: a beginning or an end
1Rutgers University, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA.
Abstract:
Removal of the mRNA 5' cap is an important step in the regulation of mRNA stability. mRNAs are degraded by at least two distinct exonucleolytic decay pathways, one from the 5' end, and the second from the 3' end. Two major cellular decapping enzymes have been identified, and each primarily functions in one of the two decay pathways. The Dcp2 decapping enzyme utilizes capped mRNA as substrate and hydrolyses the cap to release m(7)GDP (N7-methyl GDP), while a scavenger decapping enzyme, DcpS, utilizes cap dinucleotides or capped oligonucleotides as substrate and releases m(7)GMP (N7-methyl GMP). In this review, we will highlight the function of different decapping enzymes and their role in mRNA turnover.
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