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Updated: Apr 3, 2026

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
Effects of trauma exposure on anger, aggression, and violence in a nonclinical sample of men
Matthew Jakupcak1, Matthew T Tull
1Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA. matthew.jakupcak@med.va.gov
Abstract:
This study assessed the impact of traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on anger, aggression, and violence among civilian male college students. Results suggest that civilian men who have been exposed to a potentially traumatic event (PTE) and report symptoms of PTSD indicate more trait anger, more internal anger and hostility, and more aggression and violence than men who do not report symptoms of PTSD. Results are contrasted to those found in clinical samples of male veterans with PTSD and discussed in terms of understanding and treating anger and aggression in non-clinical, trauma-exposed populations.
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