[Adhesive properties of lactic acid bacteria and methods of their investigation]

Current status of the question concerning the study of lactic acid bacteria adhesion process is presented in the review. Lactic acid bacteria colonization capacity allows them to form monolayers, to join the mucosal microbiota, to become a component of ecological barrier, which protects an organism from penetration of pathogens. The available methods of investigation of adhesive properties such as microbiological, light and electron microscopy, biophysical, mathematical and others are presented in detail. The works concerning lactic acid bacteria adhesines nature and factors that influence the exhibition of adhesion have been analyzed. Studies concerning the mechanisms responsible for attachment of cells of lactic acid bacteria to the surface of different types of epithelium and substances that are products of endothelium secretion are analyzed. Questions on adhesion specificity and factors that inhibit its exhibition are considered. The chart of current concept of the adhesive process and factors that reciprocally affect the exhibition of lactic acid bacteria adhesion properties is developed and presented by the authors.