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Small animal imaging in drug development
Martin G Pomper1, Jae Sung Lee
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, MD, USA. mpomper@jhmi.edu
Abstract:
Better mechanistic understanding of disease through mapping of the human and mouse genomes enables rethinking of human infirmity. In the case of cancer, e.g., we may begin to associate disease states with their underlying genetic defects rather than with the organ system involved. That will enable more selective, nontoxic therapies in patients who are genetically predisposed to respond to them. Because one of the major goals of molecular imaging research is to interrogate gene expression noninvasively, it can impact greatly on that process. Most of molecular imaging research is undertaken in small animals, which provide a conduit between in vitro studies and human clinical imaging. We are fortunate to be able to manipulate small animals genetically, and to have increasingly better models of human disease. The ability to study those animals noninvasively and quantitatively with new, high-resolution imaging devices provides the most relevant milieu in which to find and examine new therapies.
Insights
Mapping human and mouse genomes advances disease understanding, enabling targeted cancer therapies. Molecular imaging in animal models is key for developing these novel, noninvasive treatments.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Imaging
- Translational Medicine
Background:
- Genomic mapping offers new insights into disease mechanisms, shifting focus from organ systems to genetic defects.
- This paradigm shift facilitates the development of more selective and less toxic therapies, particularly for genetically predisposed individuals.
- Molecular imaging aims to noninvasively interrogate gene expression, playing a crucial role in advancing this therapeutic approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the impact of molecular imaging research on understanding and treating diseases like cancer.
- To emphasize the importance of small animal models in bridging in vitro studies and human clinical imaging.
- To underscore the value of noninvasive, quantitative imaging in evaluating new therapeutic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing genomic data from human and mouse populations.
- Employing molecular imaging techniques in small animal models.
- Leveraging genetically modified animal models and advanced high-resolution imaging devices.
Main Results:
- Improved mechanistic understanding of diseases, including cancer, through genome mapping.
- Development of more targeted and potentially less toxic therapeutic strategies based on genetic predispositions.
- Validation of molecular imaging as a critical tool for noninvasive gene expression interrogation.
Conclusions:
- Genomic understanding and molecular imaging are revolutionizing disease treatment paradigms.
- Small animal models are essential for preclinical evaluation of novel therapies.
- Noninvasive imaging in genetically relevant models is crucial for advancing precision medicine.
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