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Related Experiment Videos

Neural correlates of reach errors.

Jörn Diedrichsen1, Yasmin Hashambhoy, Tushar Rane

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. jdiedric@jhu.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|October 28, 2005
PubMed
Summary

The motor system adapts to execution errors, which involve internal model miscalibration, but not target errors, which involve unpredictable location changes. Brain imaging reveals distinct neural processing for these two error types.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Motor control relies on internal models to predict sensory consequences of movements.
  • Reach errors are classified as target errors (unpredictable location changes) or execution errors (internal model miscalibration).
  • Execution errors can stem from kinematic (e.g., prism glasses) or dynamic (e.g., force fields) miscalibrations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of motor adaptation and error processing in human reaching.
  • To differentiate brain regions involved in processing target errors versus execution errors.
  • To examine the neural representation of kinematic and dynamic execution errors.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed reaching movements with a robotic manipulandum under various error conditions.

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  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain activity during error processing.
  • Behavioral data on movement adaptation and online corrections were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • The motor system exhibited significant trial-by-trial adaptation to random execution errors but not to random target errors.
    • Execution errors (both kinematic and dynamic) activated the central/postcentral sulci and cerebellum (lobules V, VI, VIII).
    • Target errors uniquely increased activity in the striatum and posterior superior parietal lobule.

    Conclusions:

    • Distinct neural pathways process target errors (behavioral goal switching) and execution errors (internal model adaptation).
    • The findings suggest that kinematic and dynamic information are integrated within specific neural substrates for motor adaptation.
    • The cerebellum and motor cortex play crucial roles in adapting internal models of limb dynamics and kinematics.