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Insulinoma.

Clive S Grant¹

¹Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN 55905, USA. cgrant@mayo.edu

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology

|October 29, 2005

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Insulinomas, rare pancreatic tumors, cause hypoglycemia. Diagnosis involves biochemical tests and imaging. Surgical removal offers a lifelong cure for these typically benign tumors.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Surgical Oncology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Insulinomas are the most common functioning islet cell tumors of the pancreas.
Neuroglycopenic symptoms are key indicators for investigating potential insulinomas.
Endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia biochemically confirms the diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the diagnostic and management strategies for insulinomas.
To discuss imaging modalities and localization techniques for pancreatic islet cell tumors.
To review surgical treatment options and outcomes for insulinoma patients.

Main Methods:

Biochemical testing for endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
Imaging techniques including ultrasonography, CT, and intra-arterial calcium stimulation with venous sampling.

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Surgical intervention via enucleation or partial pancreatic resection.

Main Results:

Insulinomas are typically small, single, benign, and well-circumscribed pancreatic tumors.
Surgical excision provides a lifelong cure for most patients with benign insulinomas.
Multiple tumors may occur in patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome.

Conclusions:

Early recognition of symptoms and biochemical confirmation are crucial for insulinoma diagnosis.
Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for insulinomas.
Laparoscopic techniques and recognition of noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome represent recent advancements.